Optical Fiber Technology
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The optical fiber concept has been around for more than a century. From the early experiments by John Tyndall in the guided transmission light, through the development of light-emitting diodes and lasers, and the emergence of dense wavelength-division multiplexing, the applications for optical fiber have continued to grow. Today, optical fiber technologies permeate a variety of industries. For instance, delivering high-definition broadcast (HDTV) at resolutions of 1080p has become possible through the deployment of fiber-to-the-curb (FTTc or FTTh) networks. Satellites transporting L-Band signals over fiber do not need to be demodulated, and also suffer less attenuation.
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Pulse-code Modulation (PCM):
A technique in which an analog signal, such as a voice, is converted into a digital signal by sampling the signal’s amplitude and expressing the different amplitudes as a binary number. The sampling rate must be at least twice the highest frequency in the signal.